Nuclear Safety in the Philippines: Key Highlights of RA 12305

Republic Act No. 12305 establishes a comprehensive framework for the peaceful, safe, and secure use of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation in the Philippines. It empowers the Philippine Atomic Energy Regulatory Authority (PhilATOM), an independent body with exclusive jurisdiction over all nuclear regulatory matters. PhilATOM issues licenses, sets safety standards, conducts inspections, and maintains national registries, ensuring compliance with international safeguards and domestic regulations.

All nuclear and radioactive activities require PhilATOM authorization, and the Authorized Party bears primary responsibility for safety and security. The Act sets strict technical, financial, and security standards for nuclear facilities, including the creation of Radioactive Waste and Spent Fuel Management Fund and Decommissioning Trust Fund, regulation of physical protection and cybersecurity measures, and coordination with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

Violations of the Act carry significant penalties, ranging from administrative fines to imprisonment, with severe offenses punished under the Revised Penal Code. PhilATOM decisions are subject to review by the Court of Appeals, ensuring accountability while maintaining strict oversight of nuclear energy in the Philippines.